Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-04-13 Origin: Site
The hydraulic system is the "heart" of the rotary drilling rig, responsible for the core functions of power transmission and motion control. As the "blood" of the hydraulic system, the quality, model, and replacement specifications of hydraulic oil directly determine the operational stability and service life of the hydraulic system of the rotary drilling rig, and are also related to the overall construction efficiency and operational safety. In the context of high-intensity and high load pile foundation construction industry, the hydraulic system of rotary drilling rig is under high pressure and high temperature conditions for a long time, and the hydraulic oil is prone to oxidation, pollution, viscosity decrease and other problems. If not replaced in time or improperly, it can easily lead to wear and leakage of core components such as hydraulic pump and hydraulic valve, causing equipment failure and affecting construction progress. This article focuses on the selection and replacement process of hydraulic oil models for rotary drilling rigs, combined with industry practical experience, to sort out scientific and standardized replacement guidelines, helping construction enterprises and operators avoid replacement errors and ensure efficient and stable operation of equipment.
The selection of hydraulic oil models for rotary drilling rigs is based on "adapting to equipment specifications and fitting construction conditions", and should not be blindly chosen, otherwise it will significantly shorten the service life of the hydraulic system. Based on the current standards of the construction machinery industry and the construction characteristics of rotary drilling rigs, the selection of hydraulic oil should focus on three core dimensions, taking into account both adaptability and practicality. Firstly, to meet the requirements of the original equipment manufacturer, different brands and tonnages of rotary drilling rigs (such as small and large models from brands such as Zoomlion and XCMG) have different requirements for the viscosity, wear resistance, and oxidation resistance of hydraulic oil. It is necessary to strictly follow the equipment manual and select the corresponding model of hydraulic oil. The recommended model from the original factory should be given priority to avoid abnormal hydraulic system pressure and component wear caused by inconsistent models. Secondly, adapting to construction conditions, rotary drilling rigs often face complex working conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, high dust, and high humidity. In high-temperature environments, high viscosity and strong antioxidant hydraulic oil should be selected to prevent hydraulic oil from deteriorating at high temperatures; Low temperature environments (such as winter in the north) require the use of hydraulic oil with good low-temperature fluidity to avoid oil solidification that may cause the system to fail to start normally; High dust and high humidity working conditions require the use of hydraulic oil with strong anti pollution and anti emulsification properties to reduce the erosion of impurities on the hydraulic system. Finally, in accordance with industry standards, priority should be given to using anti-wear hydraulic oil that meets the GB/T 11118.1 standard. The commonly used models are No. 46 and No. 68 anti-wear hydraulic oil, with No. 46 hydraulic oil suitable for normal temperature and low to medium load conditions, and No. 68 hydraulic oil suitable for high temperature and high load conditions, which can be flexibly selected according to the actual construction environment.
The preparation work before replacing hydraulic oil is a prerequisite for ensuring a smooth replacement process and meeting replacement quality standards. It is necessary to comprehensively inspect the equipment status, prepare suitable tools and materials, and avoid malfunctions during the replacement process. One is to check the equipment status. Start the rotary drilling rig and let the hydraulic system run without load for 5-10 minutes to raise the temperature of the hydraulic oil to 40-50 ℃. At this time, the viscosity of the hydraulic oil decreases, making it easier to remove impurities and old oil from the oil; At the same time, check the hydraulic pipelines, joints, hydraulic pumps, hydraulic valves and other components to check for leaks, looseness and other problems. If there is a leak, it needs to be repaired first to avoid oil leakage after replacement. The second is the preparation of tools and materials, including suitable oil containers, funnels, filters, wrenches, cloths, etc., to ensure that the tools are clean and free of impurities; Prepare a sufficient amount of new hydraulic oil (10% -20% more than the required oil for equipment flushing and replenishment), as well as hydraulic system cleaning agents, and prepare protective equipment (gloves, goggles, etc.) to avoid oil contact with the skin and eye damage. The third is on-site preparation, parking the rotary drilling rig in a flat, dry, and ventilated area, turning off the main power supply of the equipment, locking the hydraulic system to prevent equipment from starting incorrectly during the replacement process, and ensuring safe operation; Clean the debris around the oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil tank to prevent impurities from entering the tank.
The replacement of hydraulic oil for rotary drilling rigs must follow the standardized process of "draining old oil - cleaning the system - adding new oil - trial operation". Each step of the operation must be rigorous to avoid residual old oil and impurities from entering, ensuring the quality of replacement. The first step is to discharge the old oil. After the hydraulic oil reaches the specified temperature, turn off the equipment, unscrew the hydraulic oil tank drain valve, slowly discharge the old oil into the oil receiving container, and start the equipment. Let the hydraulic system run without load for 1-2 minutes to discharge the residual old oil in the pipeline, hydraulic pump, and hydraulic valve, ensuring that the old oil is drained completely; After the oil discharge is completed, close the oil drain valve and store the old oil in the oil receiving container properly to avoid environmental pollution. Step 2, clean the hydraulic system by adding an appropriate amount of hydraulic system cleaning agent to the hydraulic oil tank. Start the equipment and let the hydraulic system run without load for 10-15 minutes to fully circulate the cleaning agent and clean the oil sludge and impurities on the surface of the oil tank, pipelines, and components; After cleaning, unscrew the drain valve again to discharge the cleaning agent and impurities, close the drain valve, and wipe the inside of the fuel tank with a clean cloth to ensure that the tank is clean and free of impurities. Step three, add new oil. Slowly inject the new hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil tank through a funnel and filter screen. During the filling process, avoid oil spillage and impurities from entering. Fill the tank to the oil level mark specified in the equipment manual, and do not add too much or too little (high oil level can easily cause oil to overflow at high temperature, while low oil level can affect the power transmission of the hydraulic system). Step four, exhaust debugging. After adding new oil, start the rotary drilling rig and let the hydraulic system run without load for 5-10 minutes. At the same time, operate each action handle to exhaust the air in the hydraulic system, observe whether the hydraulic oil level is normal, and check whether there are leaks in the pipelines and joints; Listen to the hydraulic system for any abnormal noise during operation, observe whether the pressure gauge value is stable, and if there are any abnormalities, stop the machine in time for troubleshooting.
After the replacement of hydraulic oil is completed, it is not a one-time solution. Follow up maintenance work should be done regularly to check the oil status and promptly deal with abnormal problems, in order to maximize the service life of the hydraulic system and hydraulic oil. One is to regularly check the condition of the oil. After replacement, every 50 hours of operation, check the color, transparency, and viscosity of the hydraulic oil. If the oil turns black, turbid, has an odor, or has a decrease in viscosity, the cause should be promptly investigated and replaced if necessary; At the same time, check the hydraulic oil level. If the liquid level is below the specified mark, it is necessary to replenish new oil in a timely manner. When replenishing, use hydraulic oil that is consistent with the original model, and do not mix different models or brands of hydraulic oil to avoid chemical reactions in the oil and damage to hydraulic components. The second is to regularly clean the hydraulic system. Every 100 hours of operation, clean the oil filling port and filter screen of the hydraulic oil tank to prevent impurities from entering; Every 200 hours of work, check the hydraulic filter element. If the filter element is clogged, it should be replaced in a timely manner to ensure that the hydraulic oil is clean. Thirdly, standardize equipment operation to avoid prolonged high load operation of rotary drilling rigs and prevent high-temperature deterioration of hydraulic oil; Avoid forcibly starting the equipment in low temperature environments. Before starting, preheat the hydraulic system to ensure normal oil flow; Avoid frequent and vigorous operation of the handle during the operation process, reduce hydraulic system impact, and protect hydraulic components and hydraulic oil.
During the hydraulic oil replacement process of rotary drilling rigs, some operators may engage in improper operations due to a lack of professional knowledge, which not only affects the replacement effect but may also damage the hydraulic system. There are three common misconceptions: firstly, blindly mixing different models and brands of hydraulic oil, thinking that as long as it is hydraulic oil, it can be used, ignoring the compatibility of the oil, resulting in oil stratification, deterioration, and wear of hydraulic components; Secondly, the old oil was not completely drained and the system was not cleaned during replacement, resulting in the mixing of old and new oil, residual impurities, shortening the service life of new oil, and exacerbating component wear; The third issue is improper oil level filling, either too much or too little, which can affect the normal operation of the hydraulic system and even cause malfunctions. In addition, some operators ignore the shelf life of hydraulic oil and use expired hydraulic oil, which can also cause abnormalities in the hydraulic system. It is necessary to strictly follow the requirements of the hydraulic oil shelf life, and expired oil is strictly prohibited from use.
