Views: 0 Author: Mick Chan Publish Time: 2025-10-21 Origin: Site
The hydraulic system is the core power unit of the rotary drilling rig. The performance of the hydraulic oil directly affects the operation efficiency and service life of the equipment. Reasonable selection of the hydraulic oil model and strict adherence to the replacement process are the key steps to avoid wear of hydraulic components and reduce potential faults. The following is a detailed operation guide.
The hydraulic oil model for the rotary drilling rig should be determined based on the equipment's operating conditions, ambient temperature, and the manufacturer's requirements. The core principle to follow is the "three-matching" principle:
Matching viscosity grade: Viscosity is the core indicator of hydraulic oil and needs to be selected according to the ambient temperature. For normal temperature operations (-10℃ to 40℃), 46-grade anti-wear hydraulic oil is preferred. In low-temperature environments (-20℃ to 10℃), 32-grade anti-wear hydraulic oil is recommended. For high-temperature environments (above 40℃), 68-grade anti-wear hydraulic oil can be used to ensure that the hydraulic oil maintains good fluidity at different temperatures and avoids difficulties in starting due to excessive low-temperature viscosity and leakage caused by low viscosity at high temperatures.
Matching performance standards: It is necessary to choose products that comply with the anti-wear hydraulic oil (HM) standard. Such hydraulic oil contains anti-wear additives and can effectively reduce the wear of precision components such as hydraulic pumps and cylinders. If the equipment operation environment contains dust and moisture, additional hydraulic oil with anti-emulsification and anti-pollution properties can be selected to prevent the deterioration of the oil and affect the system pressure.
Matching equipment requirements: Strictly follow the hydraulic oil model specified in the rotary drilling rig manual. Different brands and models of drilling rigs have different hydraulic system designs, for example, some imported drilling rigs need to use dedicated hydraulic oil that complies with ISO 11158 standards. Do not randomly mix different brands or models of hydraulic oil, as this may lead to additive conflicts and failure of the oil's performance.
The replacement of hydraulic oil should be carried out after the equipment has been shut down and cooled down. Throughout the process, attention should be paid to cleanliness and operational safety. The specific steps are as follows:
Preparation: Prepare new oil that matches the capacity of the equipment's hydraulic system (reserve 10%-15% as a spare quantity), an oil filling funnel (need to be cleaned in advance), a waste oil collection bucket (capacity should be larger than the total oil volume of the hydraulic system), and also prepare wrenches, rags, etc. Tools should be ensured to be available in the working area without any debris or fire sources.
Discharge of waste oil: Start the drilling machine engine, run it at idle for 3-5 minutes (allowing the hydraulic oil temperature to rise to 40-50℃, reducing viscosity for easier discharge), then turn off the engine, disconnect the power supply of the hydraulic system. Locate the drain valve at the bottom of the hydraulic oil tank, align the waste oil collection bucket with the drain valve, slowly open the drain valve, wait until the waste oil is completely discharged, then close the drain valve (note: during the discharge process, avoid waste oil dripping and contaminating the ground. The waste oil should be handed over to a professional institution for disposal, and it is not allowed to be casually dumped).
Cleaning the oil tank: Unscrew the oil filling cap of the hydraulic oil tank, remove the oil suction filter inside the tank, rinse the filter with clean hydraulic oil (if the filter is damaged or severely clogged, a new filter needs to be replaced), and wipe the inner wall of the tank with a rag (do not use cotton thread as it may leave fibers and block hydraulic components). After cleaning, reinstall the oil suction filter in its original position and close the oil filling cap.
Adding new oil: Pour the new hydraulic oil into a clean oil filling funnel, slowly add it through the oil tank filling port. During the addition process, always observe the oil level gauge of the tank to prevent oil from overflowing; when the oil level reaches the "normal" scale line (usually at 2/3 of the scale) of the gauge, stop adding, and close the oil filling cap.
Exhaust and inspection: Start the drilling machine engine, run it at idle for 5-10 minutes, and operate each hydraulic action (such as boom lifting, bucket extension, etc.) 3-5 times (helping to discharge air from the hydraulic system). Then turn off the engine, check the oil level of the oil tank (if the oil level drops, it needs to be replenished to the normal scale line), and also check for any leaks in the drain valve, oil filling cap, etc. After confirming no leaks, the hydraulic oil replacement is complete.
The replacement cycle of hydraulic oil should strictly follow the requirements specified in the equipment manual. Generally, it is every 1,000 - 1,500 hours of operation or once a year (whichever comes first). If the working environment is harsh (such as dusty, hot), the replacement cycle should be appropriately shortened.
When adding new oil, ensure that the oil bucket, funnel, and other tools are clean. Do not mix in water, impurities, etc. Otherwise, it will cause wear of hydraulic components and abnormal system pressure.
During the replacement process, if the hydraulic oil appears black, has an unpleasant smell, or contains metal debris, it is necessary to promptly check whether there are any faults in the hydraulic pump, oil cylinder, etc. and eliminate the faults before replacing the hydraulic oil to avoid the expansion of the fault.
